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The Handbook · 04

History & Records

The FIFA World Cup has crowned a champion every four years since 1930, pausing only for the Second World War. Eight nations have ever won it. Here is the story — up to and including 2026.

Titles by nation
Brazil
5
Germany
4
Italy
4
Argentina
3
France
2
Spain
2
Uruguay
2
England
1
By the numbers
5
Brazil titles — the most of any nation
16
Goals by Miroslav Klose — most in finals history
13
Just Fontaine’s goals in one tournament (1958)
8
Nations that have ever won the World Cup
3
Pelé’s winners’ medals (1958, 1962, 1970) — a record
23
Tournaments played, 1930–2026
Every champion
Spain2026
1–0 (a.e.t.) v Argentina · USA / Canada / Mexico
Argentina2022
3–3 (4–2 pens) v France · Qatar
France2018
4–2 v Croatia · Russia
Germany2014
1–0 v Argentina · Brazil
Spain2010
1–0 v Netherlands · South Africa
Italy2006
1–1 (5–3 pens) v France · Germany
Brazil2002
2–0 v Germany · South Korea / Japan
France1998
3–0 v Brazil · France
Brazil1994
0–0 (3–2 pens) v Italy · USA
West Germany1990
1–0 v Argentina · Italy
Argentina1986
3–2 v West Germany · Mexico
Italy1982
3–1 v West Germany · Spain
Argentina1978
3–1 v Netherlands · Argentina
West Germany1974
2–1 v Netherlands · West Germany
Brazil1970
4–1 v Italy · Mexico
England1966
4–2 v West Germany · England
Brazil1962
3–1 v Czechoslovakia · Chile
Brazil1958
5–2 v Sweden · Sweden
West Germany1954
3–2 v Hungary · Switzerland
Uruguay1950
2–1 v Brazil · Brazil
Italy1938
4–2 v Hungary · France
Italy1934
2–1 v Czechoslovakia · Italy
Uruguay1930
4–2 v Argentina · Uruguay
Moments that made it
The Maracanazo (1950)

Uruguay silenced a 200,000-strong Maracanã to beat host Brazil and win the title — still the sport’s most famous upset.

Brazil 1970

Pelé’s side, widely called the greatest team ever, lit up Mexico and kept the Jules Rimet trophy for good.

Hand of God & Goal of the Century (1986)

In one quarter-final, Maradona scored with his hand, then dribbled half of England for perhaps the greatest goal ever.

Zidane’s headbutt (2006)

France’s talisman ended his career sent off in the final — an indelible image of brilliance and fury.

Messi’s coronation (2022)

A classic final against France ended in penalties, and Lionel Messi finally lifted the trophy that had eluded him.

Spain’s second star (2026)

Ferran Torres struck in extra time to beat Argentina 1–0 at MetLife, giving Spain a second title and making it the first nation to hold the men’s and women’s World Cups at once.

2026 · A new era

2026 began a new era: the first 48-team World Cup, the first hosted by three nations across a continent, and the most open field the tournament had ever seen — four debutants, 104 matches, and a record 6.8 million fans through the gates.

How 2026 works